| It was released at almost the same time.
Initially the rapid growth in popularity of the Mt. Hood
relegated Liberty to a secondary position. However it has
become increasingly popular for some ales and lagers, and
there are those brewers who feel it is closer to its parent
than is Mt. Hood. Alpha acid runs from 3.5 to 5.5%. Though
substantially similar to Mt. Hood, it does differ in that
it does not have farnesene in the essential oils.
Ultra is the latest of the Hallertau triploids,
having been released for commercial growth in 1995.Ultra
results from a cross by Dr. Alfred Haunold at Corvallis
of a tetraploid Hallertau Mittelfrüher and a Saazer
derived male. Thus it is claimed that Ultra combines quality
traits from two of the choicest European aroma hops. Ultra
is a half sister of Mt. Hood, Liberty and Crystal. Its genetic
composition is 4/6ths Hallertau Mittelfrüher, 1/6 Saazer
and 1/6th unknown.
Ultra has shown superior yield potential in Oregon and Idaho,
about 2000 lb. per acre, but not in Yakima. Alpha acids
in commercial plots has varied widely, from 2.2 to 4.1%.
While the alpha and beta acids content under commercial
conditions is somewhat lower than that of Ultra's European
ancestors the content of essential oils is higher. Storage
stability of dried cones of Ultra under ambient temperature
is better than that of Hallertau Mittelfrüh or Saazer.
Ultra is moderately resistant to hop downy mildew, and no
Verticillium wilt symptoms have been observed. Storageability
is fair to poor. It has had very limited commercial success,
in part due to its low alpha and low aroma.
Crystal is a cultivar released for commercial
planting late in 1993. It was developed by the experimental
stations in Oregon and Idaho, and is claimed to have excellent
vigor, high yield potential, and brewing traits similar
to European aroma hops.
Crystal is a naturally seedless female triploid, a half-sister
of Mt. Hood and Liberty. Genetically it is 2/3 Hallertau
Mittelfrüher, 1/6 Cascade, plus Brewers Gold, Early
Green and others. Crystal's alpha acids averaged 6% in nursery
tests, but only 3.0 to 3.6% in commercial test plots. Pellets
from the recent crops have had alphas of 3.6 to 3.8% Crystal
has relatively poor storage stability of its soft resins,
again in common with other members of the Hallertau family.
Crystal's aroma, while very similar to its Hallertau sisters,
has a slight spicy character, no doubt derived from its
Cascade component, that makes it a most interesting hop.
Many micro and pub breweries like this hop. However is has
not been adopted by any large brewery, therefor acreage
devoted to this hop is declining.
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